I’m a little slow getting to this, but it seems that the new book by Levitt and Dubner has a chapter on global warming (you can see an excerpt here). As usual, I leave most of the arguments to the experts (see here, here, and here for example). Instead, I’ll look at one of the responses by Levitt to the critics:
3. Economists estimate that the costs of reducing carbon emissions are likely to be upwards of $1 trillion per year.
TRUE / FALSE
He writes that this is agreed to be true. It might even be true. There are a couple problems with this statement.
The first is that it doesn’t look at any of the benefits: alternative energy is a growing field and the US has a lot to gain if they can get in the technological lead; one of the main ways to reduce carbon output is efficiency which may cost money to implement but in the end makes money; if we use more alternative energy then there will be less pollution–so there are non-economic benefits (although since it would reduce health problems due to pollution this also has economic benefits).
The second is that it ignores the fact that the carbon economy may be on its way out. The amount of oil and gas is finite and we may now be nearing peak oil (there seems to be enough coal to last for longer, but that would worsen pollution). This means that we will have to change over at some point: thus the conversion costs will eventually happen in any case and it would be better to start now instead of waiting for it to be forced by a crash in the economy. As one commenter notes, the same type of argument would have said the US shouldn’t try to change from horse based transportation to cars since there were a lot of costs involved.
He then asks this question:
If we need to cool the Earth in a hurry, what is the best way to do it?
But there isn’t a hurry to cool the Earth–our practices are changing the conditions so that in the future there will be problems. We want to act now because excess CO2 will cause problems in the future even if we could stop emitting CO2 now.
In his answer you can see his bias:
Our question, at noted above, is what is the cheapest, fastest way to quickly cool the Earth. Like every question we tackle in Freakonomics and SuperFreakonomics, we approach the question like economists, using data and logic to conclude that the answer to that question is geo-engineering. Not coincidentally, almost every economist who has asked the same question has come to the same conclusion, including Martin Weitzman and the economists at the Copenhagen Consensus.
But that is not the question that Al Gore and the climate scientists are trying to answer. The sorts of questions they tend to ask are “What is the ‘right’ amount of carbon to emit?” or “Is it moral for this generation to put carbon into the air when future generations will pay the price?” or “What are the responsibilities of humankind to the planet?”
Notice the bolded Al Gore. That’s because he knows he better not try to argue with the real scientists who are trying to answer “What’s the best way to deal with this problem?”. They do talk about geo-engineering, but conclude that the science isn’t conclusive yet and there appear to be lots of possible problems with it (see here, for example–notice that this refers to the Copenhagen Consensus). Again, I’ll leave that to the experts. Just think about this: there is a global warming problem and Levitt says that the best way to attack it is to attack the symptoms. This means that his solution is forever: we will have to continue these geo-engineering projects until the underlying problems are solved.
As an aside (via Kevin Drum), Levitt claims that he is not a denialist and doesn’t think this is the full solution, but go look at this column by Jonah Goldberg:
If you cannot afford — politically, morally or economically — the solution to a perceived problem, then it’s not a solution. We cannot afford to end the use of carbon-based energy, so a better strategy is to develop remedies for the bad side effects of carbon use.
That’s the case Steven D. Levitt and Stephen J. Dubner make in their book, “SuperFreakonomics,” which is already being torn apart by environmentalists horrified at the notion they might lose their license to Get Things Done as they see fit.
Is the atmosphere getting too hot? Cool it down by reflecting away more sunlight. The ocean’s getting too acidic? Give it some antacid.
The technology’s not ready. But pursuing it for a couple of decades will cost pennies compared with carbon rationing. Moreover, you just might get to keep your dog.
Levitt is saying this is not what he means and yet, despite several posts about environmental critics, he has no posts complaining about this or similar articles. I wonder why?